Remembering the Oklahoma City Bombing: How ODMHSAS Transformed Trauma Recovery through Project Heartland

On April 19, 1995, the bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in downtown Oklahoma City marked the deadliest act of domestic terrorism in U.S. history. The attack claimed 168 lives, injured 853 people, and shook the nation to its core. In the aftermath, the Oklahoma Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (ODMHSAS) launched Project Heartland—a groundbreaking mental health recovery initiative that forever changed the way Oklahoma, and the nation, responds to trauma.

Project Heartland was the first large-scale trauma recovery program of its kind, providing essential services to 8,868 individuals. The undertaking was backed by funding from the Federal Emergency Management Agency, including an Immediate Services Grant of $754,053 on May 9, 1995, and a Crisis Counseling Regular Services Grant of $4,092,909 on February 28, 1998. The program unfolded in three phases: immediate crisis counseling, long-term outreach, and support during the criminal trial. It delivered critical mental health services to survivors, victims’ families, first responders, and the broader community—marking a turning point in how we understand and address psychological trauma.

“The bombing happened on a Wednesday. By Friday, we were on the ground,” recalled Dr. Kathy Thomas, licensed psychologist and retired Clinical Director for Warriors Rest Foundation. “We drove down from Stillwater because we wanted to help. Little did we know we would be tasked with giving out death notices,” said Dr. Thomas. “Trauma response wasn’t something we were formally trained in. Today, it’s part of the educational curriculum—and we’ve learned you can never have too much training in trauma.”

Thomas’ story underscores the urgent need for ongoing support and specialized training for those who bear the emotional weight of tragedy. Her experience also highlights the vital role Project Heartland played in supporting first responders after the bombing. 

“Without Project Heartland, many people—especially first responders—might have faced far greater challenges, including suicide, broken families, and job loss,” Dr. Thomas emphasized.

As the 30th anniversary of the bombing approaches, many Oklahomans may experience renewed grief, anxiety, or emotional distress. These are natural responses to a deeply traumatic event. Support is available:

• 988 Mental Health Lifeline: Call or text 988 anytime for free, confidential support. This 24/7 line also assists with referrals to local therapy and crisis resources.
• Professional Counseling: Therapy services are available through local providers to help individuals process trauma and manage grief.
• Self-Care Strategies: Engage in stress-reducing activities such as mindfulness, deep breathing exercises, or spending time in nature.
• Community Support: Local support groups and community events offer shared spaces for processing grief and trauma.

Project Heartland’s legacy is one of resilience, innovation, and compassion. ODMHSAS remains committed to ensuring every Oklahoman has access to the mental health care they need—before, during, and after crisis. As we reflect on the lives lost and the strength of those who endured, we recommit to the power of healing and the importance of never facing trauma alone.